[2]:伊沛霞在概念的界定方面比其前辈做得更多。她把“士族”理解为“把做学者当做入仕途径的家族”(scholar-official families),“世族”则为“独立于朝廷全面控制之外的(自治)、享有世袭高等级身份的贵族之家(威望)”(what made a family aristocratic wag hereditary high social status, independent of full coun control),她把“门阀”译为“great bureaucratic houses”,把“世族”译为“hereditary families”,把“门第”译为“great houses”,把“旧族”译为“o1d family”。